sodium iodide
Sodium iodide is a white, crystalline salt with chemical formula NaI used in radiation detection, treatment of iodine deficiency, and as a reactant in the Finkelstein reaction.
Uses
Sodium iodide is commonly used to treat and prevent iodine deficiency.
Sodium iodide is used in polymerase chain reactions, and also (as an acetone solution) in the Finkelstein reaction, for conversion of an alkyl chloride into an alkyl iodide. This relies on the insolubility of sodium chloride in acetone to drive the reaction.
 R- + → R- +
Sodium iodide crystals doped with thallium, NaI(Tl), when subjected to ionizing radiation, emit photons (i.e., scintillate) and are used in scintillation detectors, traditionally in nuclear medicine, geophysics, nuclear physics, and environmental measurements. NaI(Tl) is the most widely used scintillation material and has the highest light output. The crystals are usually coupled with a photomultiplier tube, in a hermetically sealed assembly, as sodium iodide is hygroscopic. Fine-tuning of some parameters (i.e., radiation hardness, afterglow, transparency) can be achieved by varying the conditions of the crystal growth. Crystals with a higher level of doping are used in X-ray detectors with high spectrometric quality. Sodium iodide can be used both as single crystals and as polycrystals for this purpose.
See also
Gamma spectroscopy
Scintillation counter
External links
International Chemical Safety Card 1009 - Sodium Iodide (Anhydrous)
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) - Safety data for sodium iodide
Sodium Iodide Consumer Information
Surveillance and Measurement (SAM) Model 940 Radioactive Isotope Identification Device
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