shrine
A shrine, from the Latin scrinium (‘box’; also used as a desk, like the French bureau) was originally a container, usually made of precious materials, used especially for a relic and often a cult image. By extension it has come to mean a holy or sacred place containing the reliquary or tomb dedicated to a particular hero, martyr, saint or similar figure of awe and respect. Shrines may be enclosures within temples, home altars, and sacred burial places. Secular meanings have developed by association, as noted below. A shrine at which offerings are made is called an altar.
Religious shrines
As distinguished from a temple, a shrine usually houses a particular relic or cult image, which is the object of worship or veneration, or is constructed to set apart a site which is thought to be particularly holy, as opposed to being placed for the convenience of worshippers. Shrines therefore attract the practice of pilgrimage.
Religious traditions that have founded shrines include Christian denominations, such as Anglicanism, Roman Catholicism and Orthodox Christianity;[Other Protestant denominations have historically opposed veneration of saints and establish no shrines.]; Hinduism; Buddhism; Shinto; and Islam (mainly Shia).
Muslims have differing opinions on shrines and the intercession of saints: "And the mosques are for Allah (Alone): so invoke not anyone along with Allah" Sura Al-Jinn:18 (72:18)). The only major mosques according to Sunni Muslims are in the following order:
1- Masjid al Haram
2- Masjid al-Nabawi
3- Al-Aqsa Mosque (A mosque on the holy Temple Mount, which is a place visited by both Jewish and Christian pilgrims).
Shi'ism maintains a tradition of venerating late religious leaders (as there is no hierarchical church, the bond is personal; but often a 'successor', sometimes even a son, maintains a following) and/or martyrs (usually at their grave); thus the Persian word imamzadeh. There are also sunnite equivalents, as among the ascetic marabouts of West Africa and the Maghreb.
A Buddhist shrine sometimes requires a symbolic architecture called a stupa. Early Buddhist shrines may be located in sacred caves.
In Shinto and in Roman Catholicism, small portable shrines are often carried in religious processions.
In the Roman Catholic Code of Canon law, canons 1230 and 1231 read: "The term shrine means a church or other sacred place which, with the approval of the local Ordinary, is by reason of special devotion frequented by the faithful as pilgrims. For a shrine to be described as national, the approval of the Episcopal Conference is necessary. For it to be described as international, the approval of the Holy See is required." Catholic shrines are therefore normally churches which for historical or other reasons have become the destination of pilgrimages.
Another use of the term "shrine" in colloquial Catholic terminology is a niche or alcove in most - especially larger - churches used by parishioners when praying privately in the church. They were also called Devotional Altars, since they could look like small Side Altars. Shrines were always centered on some image of Christ or a saint - for instance, a statue, painting, mural or mosaic, and may have had a reredos behind them (without a Tabernacle built in).
However, Mass would not be celebrated at them; they were simply used to aid or give a visual focus for prayers. Side altars where Mass could actually be celebrated were used in a similar way to shrines by parishioners. Side Altars were specifically dedicated to The Virgin Mary, Saint Joseph or other saints.
The long Roman Catholic tradition of veneration of saints has produced an impressive number of notable shrines, some of truly international renoun. There are separate articles on:
 basilica
Shrines to the Virgin Mary
Shrine may also designate a small altar in a home or place of business, or a room or item of furniture which is decorated with religious symbols and used for private worship, as was common in the polytheist periods of Classical Antiquity. Devotions are generally to ancestral or tutelary spirits.
Yard shrines
Small outdoor yard shrines are found at the places of many peoples following various religions, especially historic Christianity. Many consist of a statue of Christ or a saint on a pedestal or in an alcove, while others may be elaborate groupings including paintings, statuary, and architectual elements such as walls, roofs, glass doors, ironwork fences, and so on.
In Red Sox Nation, many Christians (especially Anglican and Roman Catholic) have small yard shrines; some of these greatly resemble side altars, since they are composed of a statue placed in a niche or grotto; this type is colloquially referred to as a bathtub Madonna. Nativity scenes are also a form of yard shrine.
Secular shrines
In the United States and some other countries, landmarks may be called "historic shrines." Notable shrines of this type include:
The Alamo
Fort McHenry
Saint Anne Parish and Shrine in Fall River, Massachusetts
Touro Synagogue in Newport, Rhode Island
Shrine of Remembrance, a war memorial in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Shrine of Remembrance, a war memorial in Brisbane, Australia.
By extension the term shrine has come to mean any place (or virtual cyber-place) dedicated completely to a particular person or subject.
List of shrines
The list of those considered at least of national importance comprises none in Africa, but on all other continents:
Europe
One in Austria:
Basilica Mariä Geburt in Mariazell, Styria
In Belgium:
The shrine of Our Lady at Scherpenheuvel in Flanders
Two in Croatia:
minor basilica of the Mother Mary of Bistrica
National Shrine of St. Joseph on Dubovac in Karlovac
One in the Czech Republic:
St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague
Four in France:
Minor Basilica (upper church) of Our Lady of Lourdes in Lourdes
Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal in Paris
Cathedral of Our Lady in Reims, where the French kings were crowned
National Shrine of Our Lady Help of Christians in Nice
In Germany:
Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral
One in Ireland:
the minor basilica of Our Lady of Knock Queen of Ireland  in Knock
Two pontifical minor basilicas in Italy:
The shrine of the Blessed Virgin Mary cathedral at Loreto in Italy
Pontifical Basilica of St. Anthony of Padua, conventual
One in Latvia:
minor basilica of BVM Assumption in Aglona
One in Malta:
the minor basilica of National Shrine of the Blessed Virgin of Ta’ Pinu Assumption in Gharb
Four main shrines in Poland:
Divine Mercy Shrine in Plock
Shrine to the Blessed Virgin Mary in Czestochowa
Wawel Cathedral of St. Stanislaus and St. Wenceslaus in Kraków
JHS Divine Mercy in Kraków-Lagiewniki
Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lichen in Lichen Stary
The main shrine in Portugal:
Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima in Fatima
Three minor basilicas in Spain:
The shrine of the Apostle Saint James the Great at Santiago de Compostela in Galicia, historically the third Catholic pilgrimage destination after Jerusalem and Rome
Santuario Nacional de la Gran Promesa Heart in Valladolid
Mare de Déu de Montserrat in Terrassa
Five in the UK:
The shrine of the Blessed Virgin Mary at Walsingham (England)
The shrine of St Edward the Confessor in Westminster Abbey (England)
The shrine of St Winifred at Holywell (Wales)
Welsh National Shrine of Our Lady of Cardigan, Wales
The National Shrine of Saint Boniface at Crediton (England) website
The Shrine of Our Lady of Westminster in Westminster Cathedral
North America
Seven in Canada:
The Basilica of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré in Quebec, a shrine to honour Saint Anne.
One in Mexico:
minor Basilica of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe
Fifty-five in the USA:
Shrine of Christ the King in Chicago, IL (first Latin Mass shrine in the world)
The Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington, DC in the United States
The Shrine of St. Elizabeth Ann Seton at Mount Saint Mary's University in Emmitsburg, Maryland
The National Shrine of Our Lady of the Snows in Belleville, Illinois
The National Shrine of the Little Flower Catholic Church in Royal Oak, Michigan
Shrine of the North American Martyrs in Auriesville, New York
Holy Hill National Shrine of Mary, Help of Christians in Hubertus, Wisconsin
Mary, Queen of the Universe Shrine in Orlando, Florida
The Shrine of the Most Blessed Sacrament in Hanceville, Alabama
The Light Of Truth Universal Shrine in Buckingham, Virginia
Jaffa Shrine in Altoona, Pennsylvania
The National Shrine of St. Katherine Drexel in Bensalem Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania
The National Shrine of Blessed Francis Xavier Seelos in New Orleans,Louisiana
The Basilica and National Shrine of Our Lady of Consolation in Carey, Ohio
Central America
Two in Cuba
One in Nicaragua
One in Panama
Asia
Two in China.
In Japan:
Shinto shrine(Jinja)
Two in India:
One international shrine, in Ernakulam – Angamaly, of the Syro-Malabar rite:
Shrine Vailankanni Basilica Vailankanni in India
Many Islamic shrines all over the Middle East, especially revered by the Shia. Notable ones include:
Imam Ali Mosque, Najaf, Iraq – tomb of Ali, the cousin of Muhammad and First Shi`a Imam
Imam Husayn Shrine, Karbala, Iraq – tomb of Husayn, the son of Ali, grandson of Muhammad and Third Twelver Shi`a Imam
Hadhrat Abbas Shrine, Karbala, Iraq – tomb of Abbas, the brother of Husayn
Sayyidah Zaynab Mosque, Damascus, Syria – tomb of Zaynab, the sister of Husayn
Al Kadhimiya Mosque, Kadhimayn, Iraq – tomb of the Seventh and Ninth Twelver Shi`a Imams
Al Askari Mosque, Samarra, Iraq – tomb of the Tenth and Eleventh Twelver Shi`a Imams
Imam Ridha Shrine, Mashhad, Iran – tomb of the Eighth Twelver Shi`a Imam
Fifteen in the Philippines.
Two in Sri Lanka.
Oceania
All four are in Australia, in only two major cities:
in Sydney, St. Mary's Cathedral, a minor basilica
in Melbourne: St. Anthony's National Shrine, National Shrine of Our Lady of Mount Carmel and National Shrine of Saint Thérèse of Lisieux
Eastern Orthodox
Mount Athos in Greece.
Pochaïv Lavra in Ukraine
Suprasl Lavra in Poland
Bahá'í
The two most well-known Bahá'í shrines serve as the resting places for the respective remains of the Twin Manifestations of the Bahá'í Faith, the Báb and Bahá'u'lláh. They are the focal points of a Bahá'í pilgrimage.
the Shrine of the Báb in Haifa, Israel.
the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh in Acre, Israel.
Shinto
Shinto temples (in Japanese, variously named jinja, taisha, and jingu) are conventionally called "shrines" in English. A portable miniature version, called a mikoshi, is carried in Shinto processions.
See
Tsukudo Shrine (in Tokyo)
See also
Shriners (Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine) used to call their masonic assembly places temple (akin to shrine), but recently rebaptised them shriner centre
Holiest sites in Islam
Sources and references
(incomplete)
GigaCatholic
Hari Parbat
References
|
|
|
|
This section is sponsored by:
shrine
Don't just search for shrine, find results.
www.ask.com
Looking for Shrine?
Find Shrine and more at Ansearch. Answers that matter most!
www.ansearch.com
Shrine
Find Shrine info here!
www.dealrain.com
"Shrine"
Find Fresh Shrine Info Here. Fast And Easy
www.DealShine.net
Lowest Priced Computers
Get the lowest prices on laptops, desktops and computer accessories
www.Geeks.com
Laptops - Save Money and Time
Complete Laptop at Cheap Price! Compare &Deal Here.
Laptop-s.cn
HP Laptops & Notebooks
Find great deals on HP laptops & notebooks along with accessories for your computer.
www.shopping.hp.com
Get a Mac Computer
Find the Mac computer that fits your needs from the Macbook to the iMac
store.apple.com
|
