Master of Science
A Master of Science (Latin: Magister Scientiæ; abbreviated MSc, M.Sc. or M.S.) is a postgraduate academic master's degree awarded by universities in a large number of countries. The degree is typically studied for in the sciences and occasionally in the social sciences.
United Kingdom
The MSc is typically a "taught" postgraduate degree, involving lectures, examination, and a short project. Taught masters programmes involve 1 or 2 years of full-time study. Some universities also offer research MSc programmes, where a longer project or set of projects is undertaken full-time.
Until recently, both the undergraduate and postgraduate masters degrees were awarded without grade or class (like the class of an honours degree). Nowadays however, masters degrees are normally classified into the categories of Pass and Distinction, with some universities also using an intermediate Merit category.
The Master of Science degree should not be confused with the more recent MSci, or Master in Science degree, now offered by U.K. institutions. This is an extended undergraduate degree, with honours awarded, and is intended to better prepare students for postgraduate study. Many research universities are now demanding MSci degrees for entry to PhD research programmes.
This education pattern in United Kingdom is followed in India and many Commonwealth Nations.
United States
The Master of Arts (Magister Artium) and Master of Science (Magister Scientiæ) degrees are the basic type of in most subjects and may be entirely course-based, entirely research-based or (more typically) a mixture.
Admission to a master's program is normally contingent upon holding a bachelor's degree, and progressing to a doctoral program may require a master's degree. In some fields or graduate programs, work on a doctorate can begin immediately after the bachelors degree. Some programs provide for a joint bachelor's and master's degree after about five years. Some universities use the Latin degree names, and due to the flexibility of word order in Latin, Artium Magister (AM) or Scientiæ Magister (SM) may be used at some schools.
Germany
The Master of Science (M.Sc.) academic degree has been recently introduced in Germany, as the once common Diplom programs typically lasting five years were replaced by separate three-year bachelor and two-year master programs. It is awarded in the natural sciences, mathematics and computer science fields, and depending on the focus of studies also in engineering or economics. The completion of a scientific thesis is required. All Master's degrees in Germany are designed to certify an equal level of education and qualify for a doctorate program. A master's degree is equivalent to the corresponding traditional Diplom and Magister degree.
The degree Master of Science is often awarded in English form, but institutions can alternatively award it in the German form, Magister der Wissenschaften. The graduate needs to use it as awarded and cannot choose which form to use.
See also
 Master of Science in Business Consulting
Master of Science in Management
Master of Science in Nursing
Master of Science in Urban Policy Studies
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