October 2
Events
 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule.
1263 - The battle of Largs fought between Norwegians and Scots.
1535 - Jacques Cartier discovers Montreal, Quebec.
1552 - Conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible.
1780 - John André, British Army officer of the American Revolutionary War, is hanged as a spy by American forces.
1789 - George Washington transmits the proposed Constitutional amendments (The United States Bill of Rights) to the States for ratification.
1835 - The Texas Revolution begins with the Battle of Gonzales: Mexican soldiers attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, Texas, but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.
1851 - The pasilalinic-sympathetic compass is demonstrated but proves to be a fake.
1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Saltville - Union forces attack Saltville, Virginia, but are defeated by Confederate troops.
1889 - In Colorado, Nicholas Creede strikes it rich in silver during the last great silver boom of the American Old West.
1919 - US President Woodrow Wilson suffers a massive stroke, leaving him partially paralyzed.
1924 - The Geneva Protocol is adopted as a means to strengthen the League of Nations.
1925 - John Logie Baird performers first test of the working television system.
1928 - The "Prelature of the Holy Cross and the Work of God", commonly known as Opus Dei, was founded by Saint Josemaría Escrivá.
1938 - Tiberias massacre: Arabs murder 20 Jews.
1941 - World War II: In Operation Typhoon, Germany begins an all-out offensive against Moscow.
1944 - World War II: Nazi troops end the Warsaw Uprising.
1950 - Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz first published
1958 - Guinea declares itself independent from France.
1967 - Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as the first African-American justice of United States Supreme Court.
1968 - A peaceful student demonstration in Mexico City ends in the Tlatelolco massacre.
1970 - A plane carrying the Wichita State University football team, administrators, and supporters crashes in Colorado killing 31 people.
1990 - A Chinese airline Boeing 737-247 is hijacked; after landing at Guangzhou, it crashes into two airliners on the ground, killing 132 people.
1992 - The Carandiru Massacre takes place after a riot in the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil.
1996 - The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by former U.S. President Bill Clinton.
1996 - An AeroPerú Boeing 757 crashes in Pacific Ocean shortly after takeoff from Lima, Peru, killing 70.
2001 - The NATO backs US military strikes, following 9/11.
2002 - The Beltway sniper attacks begin, extending over three weeks.
2004 - American Samoa joins the North American Numbering Plan.
2005 - Ethan Allen Boating Accident: The Ethan Allen tour boat capsizes on Lake George in Upstate New York, killing twenty people.
2005 - NFL plays first regular season game outside United States when the Arizona Cardinals defeat the San Francisco 49ers 31-14 in Mexico City, Mexico
2006 - Five school girls are murdered by Charles Carl Roberts in a shooting at an Amish school in Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania before Roberts commits suicide.
2007 - President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea walks across the Military Demarcation Line into North Korea on his way to the second Inter-Korean Summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong Il.
Births
1452 - King Richard III of England (d. 1485)
1470 - Isabella of Naples, Duchess of Milan (d. 1524)
1538 - Saint Charles Borromeo, Italian cardinal (d. 1584)
1644 - François-Timoléon de Choisy, French writer (d. 1724)
1722 - Leopold Widhalm, Austrian luthier (d. 1776)
1737 - Francis Hopkinson, signer of the United States Declaration of Independence (d. 1791)
1768 - William Carr Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, British general and politician (d. 1854)
1798 - King Charles Albert of Sardinia (d. 1849)
1800 - Nat Turner, American leader of slave uprising (d. 1831)
1828 - Charles Floquet, French statesman (d. 1896)
1832 - Edward Burnett Tylor, English anthropologist (d. 1917)
1833 - Rev. William Corby, American Catholic priest (d. 1897)
1847 - Paul von Hindenburg, German officer and politician (d. 1934)
1851 - Ferdinand Foch, French soldier (d. 1929)
1852 - William Ramsay, Scottish chemist (d. 1916)
1869 - Mohandas Gandhi, Indian politician and spiritual leader (Father of the India) . (d. 1948)
1871 - Cordell Hull, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1955)
1871 - Martha Brookes Hutcheson, American landscape architect (d. 1959)
1873 - Stephen Warfield Gambrill, U.S. Congressman for Maryland's 5th District (d. 1924)
1873 - Plum Warner, English cricketer (d. 1963)
1879 - Wallace Stevens, American poet (d. 1955)
1882 - Boris Shaposhnikov, Russian military commander (d. 1945)
1890 - Groucho Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1977)
1895 - Bud Abbott, American comedian and actor (d. 1974)
1896 - Liaqat Ali Khan, Pakistan's first Prime Minister (d. 1951)
1901 - Alice Prin, French singer and artist (d. 1953)
1902 - Leopold Figl, Austrian politician (d. 1965)
1904 - Graham Greene, British novelist (d. 1991)
1904 - Lal Bahadur Shastri, Prime Minister of India (d.1966)
1907 - Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Scottish chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1997)
1911 - Jack Finney, American author (d. 1995)
1913 - Karl Miller, German footballer (d. 1967)
1914 - Jack Parsons, American rocket scientist, author, and occultist (d. 1952)
1914 - Bernarr Rainbow, historian of music education, organist, and choir master (d.1998)
1917 - Christian de Duve, English-born biologist, Nobel laureate
1917 - Charles Drake, American actor (d. 1994)
1921 - Albert Scott Crossfield, American test pilot (d. 2006)
1921 - Robert Runcie, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 2000)
1926 - Jan Morris, English writer
1928 - George "Spanky" McFarland, American actor (d. 1993)
1928 - Wolfhart Pannenberg, German theologian
1929 - Moses Gunn, African-American actor (d. 1993)
1930 - Dave Barrett, Premier of British Columbia
1932 - Maury Wills, American baseball player
1933 - Phill Niblock, American composer, filmmaker and videographer
1934 - Earl Wilson, American baseball player (d. 2005)
1935 - Omar Sivori, Argentine football player (d. 2005)
1936 - Dick Barnett, American basketball player
1937 - Johnnie L. Cochran Jr., American attorney (d. 2005)
1938 - Rex Reed, American movie critic and actor
1938 - Waheed Murad, Pakistani film actor and director (d. 1983)
1940 - Gheorghe Gruia, Romanian handball player
1941 - Zareh Baronian, Armenian theologian
1943 - Franklin Rosemont, American artist
1945 - Don McLean, American songwriter
1946 - Gen.Sonthi Boonyaratglin, President of Council for National Security and Commander-in-Chief of Royal Thai Army
1946 - Eric Peterson, Canadian actor
1948 - Avery Brooks, American actor
1948 - Trevor Brooking, English footballer
1948 - Donna Karan, American fashion designer
1948 - Chris LeDoux, American musician and rodeo performer (d. 2005)
1949 - Richard Hell, American musician
1949 - Annie Leibovitz, American photographer
1950 - Persis Khambatta, Indian actress (d. 1998)
1950 - Ian McNeice, English actor
1950 - Mike Rutherford, English musician (Genesis)
1951 - Sting, English musician and actor
1951 - Romina Power, Italian singer
1952 - Wahed Wafa, Afghan singer
1954 - Lorraine Bracco, American actress
1955 - Phil Oakey, English singer (The Human League)
1957 - Wade Dooley, English rugby union player
1960 - Al Connelly, Canadian Musician/Songwriter
1960 - Glenn Anderson, Canadian ice hockey player
1960 - Robbie Nevil, American singer and songwriter
1962 - Sigtryggur Baldursson, Icelandic drummer (The Sugarcubes)
1962 - Aziz M. Osman, Malaysian actor and director
1964 - Dirk Brinkmann, German field hockey player
1966 - Rodney Anoa'i (Yokozuna), Samoan-American professional wrestler (d. 2000)
1967 - Frankie Fredericks, Namibian athlete
1967 - Bud Gaugh, American musician (Sublime)
1967 - Gillian Welch, American singer and songwriter
1968 - Victoria Derbyshire, British radio presenter
1968 - Jeff Martin, Canadian singer/songwriter
1968 - Jana Novotná, Czech tennis player
1968 - Glen Wesley, Canadian ice hockey player
1969 - Mitch English, American actor
1969 - Damon Gough, English singer
1970 - Eddie Guardado, American baseball relief pitcher
1970 - Kelly Ripa, American actress
1970 - Colin Rivas, Galician artist
1970 - Maribel Verdú, Spanish actress
1971 - James Root, American guitarist (Slipknot)
1971 - Tiffany, American singer
1972 - Tara Dawn Holland, Miss America 1997
1972 - Aaron Mckie, a professional basketball player who plays for the Memphis Grizzlies.
1973 - Lene, Norwegian singer (Aqua)
1973 - Efren Ramirez, American actor
1973 - Scott Schoeneweis, American baseball player
1973 - Verka Serduchka, Ukrainian entertainer
1973 - Maria Wetterstrand, Swedish politician
1973 - Proof, American rapper (D12) (d. 2006)
1974 - Simon Gregson, British actor
1974 - Michelle Krusiec, American actress
1974 - Mark Porter, New Zealand racing driver (d. 2006)
1974 - Sam Roberts, Canadian singer and songwriter
1974 - Paul Teutul Jr., co-star of American Chopper
1976 - Jason Dodson, American political consultant and teacher of esotericism
1976 - Mandisa, American singer
1976 - John Thornton, American Football player
1978 - Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer
1979 - Primož Brezec, Slovenian basketball player
1979 - Francisco Fonseca, Mexican footballer
1979 - Maja Ivarsson, lead singer, The Sounds
1980 - Shane Andrus, National Football League kicker
1981 - Luke Wilkshire, Australian footballer
1981 - Toro, Taiwanese singer
1982 - George Pettit, Canadian singer (Alexisonfire)
1985 - Craig Davis, Wide Receiver for the San Diego Chargers
1986 - Camilla Belle, American actress
1987 - Phil Kessel, American ice hockey player
1990 - Dean Bouzanis, Australian soccer player
1993 - Tara Lynne Barr, American actress
Deaths
939 - Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine
1559 - Jacquet of Mantua, French composer (b. 1483)
1626 - Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, conde de Gondomar, Spanish diplomat (b. 1567)
1629 - Pierre de Bérulle, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1575)
1629 - Antonio Cifra, Italian composer (b. 1584)
1708 - Anne-Jules, 2nd duc de Noailles, French general (b. 1650)
1724 - François-Timoléon de Choisy, French writer (b. 1644)
1746 - Josiah Burchett, English Secretary of the Admiralty
1764 - William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1775 - Chiyo-ni, Japanese poet (b. 1703)
1780 - John André, British Army officer (executed) (b. 1750)
1782 - Charles Lee, British and U.S. general (b. 1732)
1786 - Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel, British admiral (b. 1725)
1803 - Samuel Adams, American revolutionary leader (b. 1722)
1804 - Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, French steam vehicle pioneer (b. 1725)
1817 - Fyodor Fyodorovich Ushakov, Russian naval commander and admiral (b. 1744)
1850 - Sarah Biffen, English painter (b. 1784)
1853 - François Jean Dominique Arago, French mathematician (b. 1786)
1927 - Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
1938 - Alexandru Averescu, Romanian soldier and politician (b. 1859)
1947 - Peter D. Ouspensky, Russian mathematician and philosopher (b. 1878)
1962 - Boris Y. Bukreev, Russian mathematician (b. 1859)
1968 - Marcel Duchamp, French artist (b. 1887)
1971 - Bola de Nieve, Cuban singer, pianist, and songwriter (b. 1911)
1973 - Paul Hartman, American actor (b. 1904)
1973 - Paavo Nurmi, Finnish runner (b. 1897)
1974 - Vasily Shukshin, Russian writer, actor, screenwriter, and director (b. 1929)
1975 - Kumaraswami Kamaraj, Indian political leader, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (b. 1903)
1981 - Harry Golden, American journalist (b. 1902)
1981 - Hazel Scott, West Indian-born singer (b. 1920)
1985 - Rock Hudson, American actor (b. 1925)
1987 - Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1915)
1987 - Madeleine Carroll, British-born actress (b. 1906)
1988 - Alec Issigonis, Greek-British car designer, developer of the Mini (b. 1906)
1994 - Harriet Hilliard Nelson, American actress (b. 1909)
1996 - Robert Bourassa, politician, premier of Quebec (b. 1933)
1998 - Gene Autry, American singer, actor, and entrepreneur (b. 1907)
1998 - Olivier Gendebien, Belgian racing driver (b. 1924)
1999 - Heinz G. Konsalik, German novelist (b. 1921)
2001 - Franz Biebl, German composer (b. 1906)
2002 - Heinz von Foerster, Austrian-born physicist and philosopher (b. 1911)
2003 - John T. Dunlop, U.S. Secretary of Labor (b. 1914)
2005 - Bert Eriksson, Belgian neo-Nazi (b. 1931)
2005 - Nipsey Russell, American comedian (b. 1918)
2005 - August Wilson, American playwright (b. 1945)
2006 - Helen Chenoweth-Hage, American politician (b. 1938)
2006 - Tamara Dobson, American actress (b. 1947)
2006 - Paul Halmos, Hungarian-born American mathematician (b. 1916)
2007 - Dan Keating, Irish politician (b. 1902)
2007 - Tex Coulter, American football player (b. 1924)
2007 - Christopher Derrick, British writer (b. 1921)
Holidays and observances
Roman festivals - First day of the Ludi Augustales to celebrate the recovery by emperor August of Roman standards from the Parthians
Roman Catholic Church - Memorial of Guardian Angels, Leodegar
Also see October 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Guinea - Independence Day (from France, 1958)
India - Gandhi Jayanti (birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, 1869)
French Republican Calendar - Pomme de terre (Potato) Day, eleventh day in the Month of Vendémiaire
International Day of Non-Violence to commomerate birthday of Mahatma Gandhi
External links
BBC: On This Day
On This Day in Canada
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